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Discovering Malawi – The Land of Hippopotamuses

I. appearance

In June 2009, Madonna Lou Ciccone – the world’s most successful singer – put Malawi – which had never been mentioned in the world press in recent years – on the world map when she traveled to the slightly larger African Republic than Ohio State and adopted a daughter. And what do you know about this African nation?

II. Welcome to Hippo Land

Malawi is a magical heavenly place, perfect for those who value a natural way of life. This African country, with over 36% of its land still covered by tropical forests, has several national parks. Malawi’s wildlife sanctuaries are home to antelopes, hyrax, elephants, zebras, giraffes, crocodiles, rhinos, lions, cheetahs, hippos and other animals.

Lake Malawi National Park has one of Africa’s most spectacular landscapes. This lake has an area of ​​11,150 km2 — it’s almost 9 times the size of Rhode Island — with extensive native vegetation and wildlife such as hippos. Since the 1970s this area has been a focus for an important tourism industry. Many foreign tourists travel each year to Lake Nyasa — also known as Malawi — and other natural sanctuaries to see and photograph the hippos that live there. This lake, one of the ten largest lakes in the world, has been compared to the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador, South America) for its wildlife. It has more wildlife than any other lake in the world. Lake Malawi, for example, has one of the highest densities of fish in the world (500 different species of fish, almost all endemic). This area is also a haven for birds such as kingfishers, cormorants and fish eagles. Lake Malawi National Park was declared a Natural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO in 1984.

The Chongoni Rock Art Area is another famous tourist attraction.

III. A brief history of Malawi

Landlocked Malawi, formerly Nyasaland, has been an independent country since the second half of the 20th century. In the last century, it was controlled by the United Kingdom. In this period, the British greatly influenced the economy and life of the country. Like many former British colonies, it is a member of the Commonwealth. Malawi has spent much of its post-independence years under dictatorial rule.

From 1964 to 1994, Malawi was ruled by dictator Hastings Kamuzu Banda, who established one of Africa’s worst kleptocracies. Domestically he had also pursued a scorched earth policy against Asians and other minorities. During his iron rule in Malawi, he had close ties with white-ruled South Africa, an out-of-favor state in the international community. SA was criticized for its government’s racist policies. In this period, the dictator of Malawi, Kamuzu Banda, made world headlines when he arrived in Pretoria to hold talks with South African leaders. Kamuzu Banda became the first and only African head of state to travel to the apartheid country. This visit has no parallels in the diplomatic world.

Soon after, the South African government sent economic aid to Malawi, one of the least developed countries on the African continent. Certainly Pretoria had played a leading role in the country’s economy.

Without a doubt, Kamuzu Banda was one of the most hated leaders in the world. But to divert international opinion, which had condemned his policy towards South Africa, the national government boycotted the 1976 Olympic Games in Montreal, Canada.

At the same time, Kamuzu Banda aligned his country with the anti-communist movement in Africa, along with Egypt, Ivory Coast, Kenya and Zaire (present-day Democratic Republic of Congo). In this context, he established full diplomatic relations with Taiwan, a country not recognized by the United Nations. On August 4, 1967, President Kamuzu Banda went to Taipei for an official visit. During the Cold War, Malawi was an ally of Taiwan. On the other hand, Supreme Pope John Paul II went to Lilongwe, the capital of Malawi, for an official visit in 1989.

The dictatorship came to an end after 30 years and Malawi became a new democratic country. On 17 May 1994, Malawi held its first multi-party presidential election and Bakili Muluzu became head of state. This landlocked country is one of the few democracies in the African region. In 2004 Bingu wa Mutharika won the second free election. In 2008 he — the country’s second post-Cold War president — granted diplomatic recognition to the People’s Republic of China against Taipei’s opposition.

This landlocked country is one of the most peaceful countries in Africa. Unlike most of its neighbors, Malawi has never experienced civil wars or coups. Malawi is home to refugees from Mozambique, Zimbabwe and the Democratic Republic of Congo.

IV. Human Development

With a population of over 9,000,000 and an area of ​​45,700 square miles — nearly 3 times the size of Switzerland — Malawi is located in southeastern Africa. It is one of the most densely populated sections of the African continent. Lilongwe is the capital.

The Chewa make up Malawi’s largest ethnic group. They dominate the Nyanja, Lomwe, Bantu and other minorities.

Unlike most of Africa, the country is not blessed with mineral resources. But this country is endowed with extremely fertile soil. Malawi’s economy is mainly based on agriculture.

The former dictatorship has destroyed the economy and turned Malawi into a poor country. This nation is one of the eighteen poorest countries in the world. Since becoming an independent country in 1964, it has struggled to address its human development (education, employment, public health, nutrition). In 2008, Malawi ranked 162 out of 179 countries on the United Nations Human Development Index, ahead of Ethiopia, Liberia and Sierra Leone. The World Health Organization (WHO) says life expectancy is 35 for women and 36 for men – one of the lowest in the Third World. According to the UN and other international organizations, more than 10% of the adult population has HIV/AIDS. It had one of the highest infection rates in Africa in the last decade.

V. Sport

Soccer is the national sport in the country, but Malawi has never qualified for the FIFA World Cup. However, the national team won a bronze medal at the African Games in Nairobi, Kenya — Malawi’s best ever result. Unfortunately, it has yet to produce world-class athletes or African headliners. At Beijing 2008, Malawi was poorly represented by four athletes (Chaucy Master, Lucia Chandamale, Charlton Nyirenda, Zahra Pinto). It was Malawi’s eight participation in the Summer Olympics – Munich 1972, Los Angeles 1984, Seoul 1988, Barcelona 1992, Atlanta 1996, Australia 2000, Greece 2004, China 2008.

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